
For decades, the annual performance review has been a staple of employee management. Once a year, managers and employees sit down to evaluate past performance, set goals, and often determine raises or promotions. Yet in today’s fast-paced work environment, many are questioning whether a once-yearly appraisal is effective. In fact, about 71% of companies still conduct annual performance reviews, but a growing number of organizations are exploring continuous, real-time feedback as a more dynamic approach. Continuous feedback involves providing ongoing, timely input and coaching to employees throughout the year rather than saving it all for one big review. This shift represents a new philosophy in performance management,one that emphasizes regular communication, agility, and employee development over static yearly ratings.
HR professionals and business leaders across industries are now asking: continuous feedback vs. annual reviews, which works better? Below, we’ll explore how each approach works, their pros and cons, and what research and real-world examples tell us about their impact on engagement, productivity, and retention.
Annual performance reviews (also known as yearly appraisals) are formal evaluations typically conducted once per year. In an annual review, managers assess an employee’s performance over the prior 12 months, often using ratings or scores. These reviews usually involve discussing accomplishments, areas for improvement, and setting goals for the next year. They are frequently tied to decisions on merit increases, bonuses, or promotions.
Why use annual reviews? This traditional approach provides a structured, standardized way to document performance. Because everyone is reviewed on the same schedule and against the same criteria, annual reviews can help ensure fairness and consistency. The structured format can reduce ad-hoc bias by requiring managers to evaluate based on preset goals and competencies. Annual reviews also create a record of performance over time, which can be useful for HR documentation and planning for succession or training needs.
Benefits of annual reviews:
Despite these advantages, annual reviews increasingly face criticism for not being agile or impactful enough on day-to-day performance. To understand that, we need to look at the emerging alternative of continuous feedback.
Continuous feedback is a performance management approach where managers and employees exchange feedback on a regular, ongoing basis. Instead of waiting for a once-yearly meeting, continuous feedback involves frequent check-ins, real-time coaching, and timely recognition of achievements or constructive guidance. This can happen through scheduled one-on-one meetings (e.g. weekly or monthly) as well as informal conversations after projects or events. Many companies also use software tools to facilitate continuous feedback, allowing peers and managers to give quick comments or badges for good work throughout the year.
Key characteristics of continuous feedback:
Is it either/or? Not necessarily. Many modern organizations use a hybrid approach: they maintain some form of periodic review (annual or bi-annual summaries) for compensation or promotion decisions, but supplement it with continuous feedback throughout the year. The continuous check-ins ensure that there are no surprises when formal review time comes, and they keep employees on track in real time. In fact, performance and learning experts often suggest that continuous feedback and formal reviews can work together to create a comprehensive performance management system. We’ll explore why continuous feedback has gained momentum and how it compares to annual reviews next.
In recent years, HR professionals have raised many concerns about the traditional annual review process. Simply put, a once-a-year conversation is often too little, too late. Here are some of the major drawbacks and challenges associated with annual performance reviews:
Given these challenges, it’s no surprise that numerous organizations have started to abandon or radically change their annual review processes. Over the last decade, companies like Adobe, General Electric, Microsoft, Accenture, Deloitte, and others made headlines for scrapping the typical annual review and rating systems. For example, Microsoft eliminated its stacked-ranking annual review system, citing that it created unhealthy internal competition. Adobe switched to a continuous feedback model years ago, which we will discuss as a case study later. By 2016, about one-third of U.S. companies were already considering doing away with traditional annual appraisals entirely. The consensus is clear: while annual reviews served a purpose, their limitations in the modern work environment have become increasingly apparent.
Continuous feedback addresses many of the pain points of annual reviews by flipping the script: instead of looking backward once a year, managers and employees continually look forward and course-correct in real time. Here are key benefits of adopting a continuous feedback approach:
It’s important to acknowledge that continuous feedback isn’t without its own challenges (for instance, managers must be trained to give effective feedback and avoid overloading employees with too many comments). However, the benefits outlined above explain why so many organizations are moving toward continuous performance management. Next, we’ll look at concrete evidence and examples demonstrating how continuous feedback and annual reviews stack up in terms of results.
To truly determine which approach works better, we should examine the outcomes. A growing body of research and real-world company data sheds light on how continuous feedback versus annual reviews affect employee engagement, retention rates, and overall performance.
Employee Engagement: Engagement is a measure of how emotionally and intellectually invested people are in their work. Continuous feedback shows strong links to higher engagement. We’ve already noted Gallup’s finding that 80% of employees who receive meaningful feedback weekly are engaged, a stark contrast to the global average engagement which Gallup typically finds to be around 20-30%. Furthermore, Gallup found that team members are four times as likely to be engaged when they receive feedback in the past week versus when they do not. Frequent conversations signal to employees that their growth and contributions matter, which boosts their commitment to the job.
By comparison, traditional annual reviews often fail to move the needle on engagement. If anything, long gaps with no feedback can leave employees feeling disconnected. It’s no surprise that in companies reliant solely on annual reviews, engagement scores tend to stagnate or decline through the year until the brief uptick when reviews are given (and sometimes even that uptick is minimal if the reviews aren’t done well). One telling statistic: in a survey, 40% of U.S. employees said they disengage when they receive little or no feedback from their managers. This highlights how crucial regular feedback is to keeping people engaged day-to-day.
Retention and Turnover: High turnover is costly and disruptive, so organizations are keenly interested in how performance management affects retention. Continuous feedback appears to have a significant positive impact. As mentioned, companies using continuous feedback have substantially lower voluntary turnover on average. They are 14.9% less likely to lose employees compared to companies with no routine feedback culture. There’s also a competitive advantage: firms known for a strong feedback culture are more attractive to job seekers, one study noted they are 39% more effective at attracting talent (and 44% better at retaining it) than their counterparts with old-fashioned review approaches.
Real-world examples reinforce these statistics. Adobe’s move to continuous feedback (the “Check-In” system) is a prime example: not only did Adobe see a 30% reduction in turnover post-implementation, but they also reported an increase in employee engagement scores. Similarly, Deloitte found that when they piloted more frequent check-ins and coaching, employee performance and retention improved, leading them to overhaul their system globally. And consider Accenture and General Electric (GE), both famously ended their annual rank-and-review systems. GE introduced regular “touchpoints” and feedback via a mobile app, which resulted in faster goal adjustment and a culture of continuous improvement. GE claimed this shift made the company more nimble and helped improve internal metrics like productivity and innovation. While exact retention numbers from GE aren’t public, their HR leaders have stated that the new approach was critical in re-engaging a workforce that had grown weary of the old annual firing line.
On the flip side, poor annual review experiences can drive people out the door. We saw earlier that 85% of employees say they would consider quitting after a very negative or unfair annual review. Even if that’s an intention rather than action, it shows how damaging a bad annual review can be to retention. And beyond quitting, there’s the issue of “internal turnover”, employees may mentally check out (quiet quitting) when feedback is scarce or only negative once a year.
Performance and Business Outcomes: Ultimately, the goal of any performance management system is to improve organizational performance. Continuous feedback is showing promising correlations with better business outcomes. For instance, a recent study by McKinsey & Company found that organizations switching from annual reviews to continuous feedback saw a 15% improvement in employee performance on average, along with a 20% boost in engagement scores. Higher engagement itself leads to better business results, engaged teams are more productive and profitable. According to one analysis, teams that focus feedback on employee strengths (a practice more feasible with continuous feedback) were nearly 9% more profitable and 12.5% more productive than teams with traditional weakness-focused reviews.
Additionally, continuous feedback supports faster skill development, which in turn raises performance. Employees correct mistakes quickly and reinforce effective behaviors continually. Over a year, this can compound into significantly better output compared to a scenario where an employee only learns of a problem months later at review time.
Case in point: When Deloitte revamped its process to emphasize regular check-ins, the time managers spent on performance discussions actually increased in quality (even though formal meeting time decreased) and the company reported that teams were performing better due to continuous alignment and coaching. General Electric reported that its new feedback approach helped drive a mindset shift toward constant improvement, which was critical as they tried to become more lean and competitive. While GE didn’t publicly share numeric performance jumps, executives noted that eliminating the tension and delay of annual reviews freed employees to focus on work goals rather than “managing the rating”, presumably leading to better results.
It is worth noting that simply instituting continuous feedback doesn’t automatically guarantee these outcomes; it must be done well. Organizations that realize the biggest gains invest in manager training for giving effective feedback, create simple tools or systems to facilitate frequent check-ins, and foster a company culture that genuinely values open communication. Without those elements, a continuous feedback initiative could falter (for example, if feedback is given haphazardly or too harshly, it could overwhelm employees). But when executed properly, continuous feedback clearly aligns with improvements in engagement, retention, and performance metrics, making a strong case that it “works better” than the old annual-review-centric model.
If you’re an HR professional or business leader convinced of the merits of continuous feedback, the next question is how to put it into practice effectively. Transitioning from a decades-old annual review system to a continuous feedback model is a significant change management project. Here are some strategies and best practices for implementation:
1. Start with a mindset shift: Both managers and employees need to understand why continuous feedback is beneficial. Provide education on the limitations of the old system and the advantages of frequent feedback. Emphasize that the goal is to support development and success, not to micromanage. Leaders should communicate that feedback will be a regular, normal part of work life, something to welcome, not dread. Cultivating a growth mindset organization-wide sets the stage for open communication.
2. Train managers in giving effective feedback: Not all managers naturally know how to coach or give constructive feedback. Invest in training managers on how to deliver feedback frequently and constructively. This includes focusing on behaviors and results (not personal traits), balancing positive recognition with constructive critique, and tying feedback to goals. Managers also need to learn how to listen and encourage employees to speak in these conversations (so it’s two-way). For example, Adobe found it had to train its managers extensively when it removed formal ratings, teaching them to have richer qualitative discussions. Consider providing managers with conversation guides or check-in templates to help structure their frequent meetings at first.
3. Establish a regular cadence of check-ins: Decide what continuous feedback looks like for your company. It could be weekly one-on-ones, bi-weekly or monthly meetings, and/or quarterly development conversations. Many companies do a lighter check-in (15-30 minutes) every week or two, focused on current work and any immediate feedback, plus a slightly more formal monthly or quarterly discussion that looks at progress towards goals. The key is to maintain consistency, if feedback is supposed to be continuous, managers should not skip these meetings when things get busy. HR can help by setting organization-wide expectations (e.g., “each employee should have at least one feedback conversation per month”) and perhaps sending gentle reminders or using software that prompts check-in sessions.
4. Utilize technology tools: Modern performance management or collaboration tools can make continuous feedback easier. Platforms like Lattice, 15Five, or even simple Microsoft Teams/Slack plugins allow employees and managers to quickly give feedback or kudos in real time. Some tools enable anyone in the company to send a peer recognition (for example, giving someone a “badge” for living a company value). Others prompt managers to answer a few quick questions each week about their direct reports’ progress. These tools create a running log of feedback that both manager and employee can reference. They also can send reminders so feedback doesn’t fall by the wayside. Using a tool isn’t mandatory, but it often helps standardize the process and keeps everyone engaged in it continuously.
5. Separate feedback from compensation (when possible): One reason annual reviews were so dreaded is because they were tied directly to salary decisions. In a continuous feedback model, it’s wise to decouple regular coaching from pay discussions. This means the content of frequent check-ins should be purely about growth, performance improvement, and recognition, not a running negotiation about raises. Many companies that adopted continuous feedback still have an annual (or bi-annual) salary review process, but it’s handled separately, often by department heads or a small group, taking into account various inputs (including the manager’s general view of performance). The employee might receive a compensation adjustment once a year, but without having to endure a formal “annual review meeting” tied to it. This separation encourages more honest dialogue in feedback sessions, employees are more open about challenges and managers more frank about performance when they aren’t simultaneously deciding pay. It reduces the “fight or flight” reaction employees can have if they feel every critique will immediately impact their paycheck.
6. Guard against feedback overload: Continuous doesn’t mean constant. There is a possibility of “feedback fatigue” if not managed, employees could feel overwhelmed if they perceive they are under a microscope at all times. To avoid this, ensure feedback remains meaningful and focused, not nit-picky. Encourage managers to prioritize the most important points rather than offering criticism on every minor issue. A good practice is to mix positive reinforcement with one or two areas to improve, rather than a laundry list of critiques. Also, encourage employees to ask for feedback on specific things they care about, this makes the process more employee-driven and relevant, rather than manager-driven only. Maintaining a healthy balance will keep feedback effective and welcome.
7. Continue to measure and refine the process: As you implement continuous feedback, gather data and feedback (ironically, yes, feedback on the feedback system!). Survey employees and managers on how the new process is working. Are the check-ins happening regularly? Do people feel the conversations are helpful? Use metrics like engagement scores, turnover rates, and performance indicators to gauge impact over time. If some managers or teams are lagging, provide additional support or highlight success stories from teams where continuous feedback has made a difference. Continuous improvement applies here too, refine your approach based on what you learn, ensuring the feedback culture truly takes hold and delivers results.
8. Don’t eliminate all structure: While moving away from a rigid annual review, retain some elements of goal setting and summary evaluation to have a complete system. Many companies find success with an approach sometimes called “continuous performance management”, which includes continuous feedback and coaching, plus periodic goal reviews or performance summaries. For example, you might still have a mid-year or year-end summary discussion that rolls up the year’s feedback into a high-level assessment and focuses on career trajectory. The difference is that by this point, everything in that summary has been discussed before. This kind of hybrid ensures you meet any organizational needs for documentation or talent planning, while still avoiding the pitfalls of the old annual review model.
Implementing continuous feedback requires commitment, but the payoff can be substantial. Companies that have done it successfully report not only improved performance and lower turnover, but also a better company culture, one that is more communicative, trusting, and oriented toward growth.
In the debate between continuous feedback and annual performance reviews, the evidence leans strongly toward continuous feedback as the superior approach for driving employee engagement, development, and business results. Annual reviews, with their infrequency and high-pressure nature, are increasingly seen as a relic of the past, useful for record-keeping perhaps, but insufficient for the needs of a modern, dynamic workforce. By contrast, continuous feedback represents a more human-centered and agile way of managing performance, emphasizing ongoing learning and adaptation.
That said, the best solution for many organizations may be a balanced one. It’s not necessarily about completely abolishing the annual review, but about redefining its role. For example, an organization might use continuous feedback throughout the year to guide and develop employees, and still conduct a simplified annual summary that feeds into compensation and promotion decisions (with no surprises in it). The annual “review” then becomes more of an administrative checkpoint, while the real performance conversations happen year-round.
For HR professionals and business leaders, the priority should be creating a culture where feedback is a continuous loop, employees continuously know what they’re doing well and what they can improve, and managers continuously learn how they can support their teams better. This continuous loop fosters trust and keeps everyone aligned with organizational goals. It also fits today’s work environment where change is constant and waiting 12 months to address an issue or seize an opportunity is simply too slow.
The transition might feel daunting, but as we’ve seen, companies that have embraced continuous feedback have reaped significant benefits: lower turnover, higher engagement, and often better performance. In an era where talent is a key competitive advantage, a feedback-rich culture can be a differentiator that sets your organization apart. Employees,especially younger generations,have come to expect regular feedback and open communication. Organizations that meet this expectation are more likely to attract, develop, and retain high performers, while those clinging to infrequent appraisals risk losing touch with their people.
In conclusion, when asking “Which works better: continuous feedback or annual reviews?”, the answer for most modern workplaces is clear. Continuous feedback works better to nurture talent and adapt to change, whereas annual reviews alone are not enough. By moving towards continuous feedback (and smartly integrating it with necessary review processes), companies can create a performance management approach that truly supports continuous improvement,for both employees and the business. The future of performance management is ongoing, dialog-driven, and development-focused. It’s time to leave the once-a-year report card behind and engage in the continuous conversation that drives success all year long.
Continuous feedback involves regular, ongoing check-ins and coaching, while annual reviews are formal evaluations conducted once a year focusing on past performance.
They are infrequent, stressful, biased by recency, lack agility, and often fail to accurately reflect current performance or foster employee development.
It improves real-time performance, boosts engagement, increases retention, supports ongoing development, and creates a fairer, more transparent process.
By training managers, establishing regular check-in routines, utilizing technology tools, decoupling feedback from pay, and fostering a feedback culture.
Not necessarily; many organizations use a hybrid approach—ongoing feedback supplemented by periodic formal reviews for administrative purposes.